About Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum Strickland, 1850
The yellow-browed tody-flycatcher, whose scientific name is Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum Strickland, 1850, measures 8.6 to 10 cm (3.4 to 3.9 in) in length and weighs approximately 7 g (0.25 oz). Males and females have identical plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies T. c. chrysocrotaphum have a mostly black head, with a white spot above the lores and a wide yellow supercilium that extends to the nape. A faint narrow yellow band separates the nape from the olive back, rump, and uppertail coverts. Their wings are black, with yellow edges on the flight feathers. Wing coverts have thin yellow edges and wide yellow tips; the wide yellow tips form two distinct wing bars. Their tail is black. Their underparts are mostly bright yellow, with thin black streaks along the side of the throat and across the breast. All subspecies have a dark brown iris, a black bill, and black or dark gray legs and feet. Other subspecies differ from the nominate subspecies and from each other as follows: T. c. guttatum has a white chin and heavier black streaks on the throat and breast than the nominate. T. c. neglectum has black lores, more yellowish olive upperparts and richer yellow underparts than the nominate, with much less streaking. T. c. simile has a supercilium that is only present behind the eye, the black of its crown extends less onto the nape than that of the nominate, and it has little or no yellow collar between the black nape and olive upper back. T. c. illigeri has no white spot above the lores, a supercilium that is only present behind the eye, a black stripe on the lower cheek, and no streaks on the throat and breast. The yellow-browed tody-flycatcher is native to the western and central Amazon Basin. Each subspecies has a distinct range: T. c. guttatum is found from Meta to Guainía departments in southeastern Colombia, south through eastern Ecuador into northeastern Loreto Department in extreme northeastern Peru, and east into northwestern Brazil north of the Amazon to the Rio Negro. T. c. neglectum is found in east-central and southeastern Peru, northern Bolivia, and western Brazil south of the Amazon east to the Rio Madeira. T. c. chrysocrotaphum is found in northern Peru east into western Brazil south of the Amazon east to central Amazonas state. T. c. simile is found in north-central Brazil south of the Amazon on the left bank of the Rio Tapajós in western Pará. T. c. illigeri is found in northeastern Brazil south of the Amazon from the right bank of the Tapajós into northern Maranhão. This species inhabits humid terra firme and várzea forest, mature secondary forest, and forest clearings that contain at least some tall trees. It generally stays within the forest canopy. Its elevation range reaches from sea level to 1,400 m (4,600 ft) in Brazil, only up to 600 m (2,000 ft) in Colombia and Ecuador, and only up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in Peru.
