About Hyloxalus infraguttatus (Boulenger, 1898)
Males of Hyloxalus infraguttatus measure 17–21 mm (0.67–0.83 in) in snout–vent length, while females measure 20–23 mm (0.79–0.91 in). Dorsal body coloration ranges from greenish to pale and dark brown, marked with dark brown spots. Individuals have an oblique lateral stripe that reaches all the way to the eye. White spots appear on the throat and abdomen, and the testicles of males are white. This species can be found in humid premontane forests, tropical thickets, thorny scrubs, and very dry tropical forests, in areas close to streams, water channels, road ditches, and pools. It occurs at elevations from 70 to 1,500 m (230 to 4,920 ft) above sea level. Hyloxalus infraguttatus is locally common, but its population abundance has been decreasing over time. The International Union for Conservation of Nature classifies this frog as vulnerable to extinction. Threats include habitat loss driven by agriculture, tree plantations, logging, and livestock grazing, plus landscape changes caused by introduced goats. Reproduction for Hyloxalus infraguttatus happens at the end of the rainy season. Both adult males and adult females are territorial. Males call to attract females. Females lay eggs on leaf litter and under rocks. After eggs hatch, males carry the tadpoles on their back to water, and males only care for one clutch of eggs at a time.
