About Gracupica contra (Linnaeus, 1758)
This species of myna, Gracupica contra, has striking black and white plumage, a yellowish bill with a reddish base, and reddish bare skin surrounding the eye. Its upper body, throat, and breast are black, while the cheek, lores, wing coverts, and rump are contrasting white. Males and females have similar plumage; young birds have dark brown plumage instead of black. Subspecies show slight differences in plumage, the extent of feather streaking, and body measurements. This myna has round wings and a slow, butterfly-like flight. Leucistic individuals of this species have been recorded. Gracupica contra occurs mainly in plains, and can also be found in foothills up to approximately 700 meters above sea level. It mostly inhabits areas that have access to open water. In India, its main range stretches from the Gangetic plains south to the Krishna River. The species' range is currently increasing; populations have become established more recently in Pakistan, Rajkot, and Bombay (since 1953), possibly helped by the cage bird trade and accidental escapes of captive birds. Its westward spread across India, particularly into parts of Rajasthan, has been supported by changes to irrigation and farming practices. The species has also established wild populations in the United Arab Emirates. Its preferred habitat is lowland open areas with scattered trees located near water, and it is often found close to human settlements. This species is frequently seen at sewage farms and refuse tips.
