About Garrulax ruficollis (Jardine & Selby, 1838)
The rufous-necked laughingthrush, Garrulax ruficollis, is a species of babbler, not a true thrush. It measures roughly 22–27 centimetres (8.7–10.6 in) in length and weighs between 51–73 grams (1.8–2.6 oz). As its name suggests, it has a rufous (rust-colored) patch around its neck. Overall, the bird is grey with a black face in addition to its rufous neck marking. Because this species is non-migratory, it molts very slowly. As a result, adult and juvenile rufous-necked laughingthrushes have very similar appearance. The rufous-necked laughingthrush closely resembles the rufous-cheeked laughingthrush, but the two species occupy entirely separate geographic ranges. This species inhabits subtropical or tropical moist forests, with a distribution ranging from Nepal through China and extending south into Myanmar. It is a non-migratory songbird that remains in the same habitat year-round, for both breeding and non-breeding periods. Some populations live in isolated areas of Nepal, a separation that likely formed during the region’s mountain range formation. The species is common across its entire native range, and the IUCN Red List classifies it as a species of least concern. The reproduction of rufous-necked laughingthrushes has not been well studied, so it is assumed their reproductive habits are similar to those of other laughingthrushes. Because of their cognitive abilities, brood parasites such as cuckoos rarely successfully exploit this species. Rufous-necked laughingthrushes have excellent egg recognition, so they can easily remove parasitic eggs that do not resemble their own. Males and females are sexually dimorphic in size; this size difference is thought to be linked to female choice favoring individuals that provide better territorial defense, leading to selection for larger size over time. Rufous-necked laughingthrushes breed from March to August, building small, compact cup-shaped nests out of leaves and grasses.
