Viperidae

Daboia russelii (Shaw & Nodder, 1797)

Daboia russelii, the Russell's viper, is a South Asian viper whose venom is used in a common diagnostic blood test.

Daboia palaestinae (Werner, 1938)

Daboia palaestinae is a venomous oviparous viper found across parts of the Eastern Mediterranean.

Daboia mauritanica Gray, 1849

Daboia mauritanica is a viper species reaching 180 cm that occurs in northwestern African coastal areas.

Daboia siamensis (Smith, 1917)

Daboia siamensis is a viper species with distinct patterning, found across parts of East, Southeast, and South Asia, with an unresolved Indonesian range.

Cerastes cerastes Linnaeus, 1758

Cerastes cerastes is a horned desert viper species found across arid regions of North Africa and the Middle East.

Cerastes gasperettii Leviton & Anderson, 1967

Cerastes gasperettii is a small viper found across parts of the Middle East that prefers desert and shrubland habitats.

Cerastes vipera (Linnaeus, 1758)

Cerastes vipera is a small stout viper from North Africa and Sinai with a unique mixed hunting strategy and distinctive threat display.

Causus rhombeatus (Lichtenstein, 1823)

Causus rhombeatus is the largest Causus viper found across Sub-Saharan Africa, eating amphibians after hatching.

Causus defilippii (Jan, 1863)

Causus defilippii, the snouted night adder, is a small viper found across southern and eastern Africa.

Causus maculatus (Hallowell, 1842)

Causus maculatus is a small stout viper found across West, Central, and East Africa in varied habitats.

Bitis arietans Merrem, 1820

Bitis arietans is a widespread stout African viper with variable patterning, olfactory crypsis, and holds the record for the largest snake litter.

Bitis gabonica Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854

Bitis gabonica, the Gaboon viper, is a large heavy African venomous viper with the longest fangs of any venomous snake.

Bitis nasicornis (Shaw & Nodder, 1792)

Bitis nasicornis is a stout viper species native to West and Central African forests, with distinctive nasal horn-like scales and live birth.

Bitis peringueyi (Boulenger, 1888)

Bitis peringueyi is a small venomous viper with a documented physical description found in arid dune habitats of southwestern and northern Africa.

Bitis rubida Branch, 1997

Bitis rubida is a small viper species with several isolated populations found in Western Cape Province, South Africa.

Bitis atropos (Linnaeus, 1758)

Bitis atropos is a small viper found in isolated southern African mountain populations, that is viviparous and prefers cool wet habitats.

Bitis caudalis (Smith, 1839)

Bitis caudalis, the horned adder, is a small stout viper native to arid regions of southwest Africa.

Bitis cornuta (Daudin, 1803)

Bitis cornuta, the many-horned adder, is a small stout viper with horn-like scales above eyes, found in southwestern African rocky habitats.

Bitis rhinoceros (Schlegel, 1855)

Bitis rhinoceros is a West African viper identifiable by its horn-like enlarged nasal scales, differing from related species in pattern and markings.

Atheris squamigera Hallowell, 1854

Atheris squamigera is a widely distributed viviparous viper found in rainforests of West and central Africa.

Vipera ursinii (Bonaparte, 1835)

Vipera ursinii, Europe's smallest viper, has defined physical traits and a restricted, declining range in Europe.

Vipera seoanei Lataste, 1879

Vipera seoanei is a polymorphic viper species native to southwestern France and northern Iberia.

Vipera latastei Bosca, 1878

Vipera latastei is a horn-nosed viper found in southwestern Europe and northwestern Africa.

Vipera aspis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Vipera aspis (Linnaeus, 1758), is a venomous viper species native to parts of Western and Southern Europe.