About Euphonia violacea (Linnaeus, 1758)
Adult violaceous euphonias (scientific name: Euphonia violacea (Linnaeus, 1758)) measure 11.4 cm in length and weigh 14 grams. Males have glossy blue-black upperparts, paired with a deep golden yellow forehead and underparts. Females and immature individuals have olive green upperparts and greenish yellow underparts. This species is a resident breeder. Its breeding range extends from Trinidad, Tobago, and eastern Venezuela south to Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. In northern Brazil, the species occupies the lower Amazon Basin and the adjacent Tocantins River drainage. Its northwestern range boundary runs through Brazil, the Guyanas, and the eastern banks of the Orinoco River drainage in central Venezuela. Violaceous euphonias live in forests, second growth, and cocoa and citrus plantations. They build a ball-shaped nest on a bank, tree stump, or inside a cavity. The typical clutch size is four red-blotched white eggs, sometimes three, and the female handles incubation.
