Key Identification Features
- Between 1300 and 1500 AD, a genetically distinct mainland New Zealand lineage was eliminated by the first Māori settlers.
- Larger, older males establish and defend distinct territories on the rookery.
- Territory boundaries are defined by natural features such as rocks, faults, or rock ridges, and territories can remain stable for up to 60 days.
- tropicalis can be visually identified by its lighter orange chest colouring.
For instant identification in the field, use the iNature app — AI-powered, works offline.
